Guide

DIN  31051 defines servicing as "measures to delay the reduction of the remaining wear stock".The servicing procedure encompasses the creation of "a servicing plan based on the specific requirements of the respective company or the unit being considered, and that is considered mandatory for this" along with the implementation and compliance with this plan.The area of spindle servicing includes tasks such as the topping up of the oil or regular cleaning of the tool spindle to remove chippings or coolant. 

The spindle temperature provides the temperature of the spindle at different locations. Exact measurement, particularly on the inner ring of the spindle bearing, presents a difficult technical challenge due to the high rotational speeds of the spindle.  In most cases the temperature sensors measure in the interior or exterior of the spindle housing, and from this the temperatures of the shaft and the inner ring of the bearings are estimated.    The limit temperatures for the roller bearings depend on the measurement point, the type of lubrication and the cage used. The maximum motor temperature must not be too high in…

Similarly to the fixed-floating bearing arrangement, the sprung mounting arrangement can be subdivided into a fixed bearing on the tool mount and a floating bearing on the rear end of the spindle. However, the fixed bearing cannot be moved without force, in fact it is generally definitively pre-tensioned by means of a spring arrangement on the outer ring.  This allows changes in length due to the shaft heating up and the kinematic relative displacement to largely take place without any loss in the pre-tensioning force. The moveable outer ring of the floating bearing is mounted using a so-called floating bearing…

The steep taper mount per DIN 69871 is a suitable interface for automatic and manual tool changing. Three different forms (A, B, C) of steep taper design are covered in the standard. The most widely used form of steep taper mount is form A per DIN 69871, with trapezoidal fluting and orientation groove. Tool steep tapers that do not have a self-locking effect must be clamped in the machine spindle through additional clamping devices. The frictional connection arising on the taper provides the torque transfer with small loads.   In the case of form B, with greater loads, the key block takes the…

There are various standard designs for drilling and milling tools that have different interfaces depending on their function.   The standard tools are clamped in basic mounts, which most often take the form of steep tapers or hollow shank tapers on the machine side and which work as an adapter sleeve in principle. The drilling tools are mounted via a Morse taper or via cylindrical shafts in collets, which are also suitable for mounting end mills. Steep taper tools and hollow shank taper tools are also clamped with tool clamping collets for rapid automatic clamping.Compact clamps with the smallest possible rotational…

An uneven distribution of the mass of a body with regard to its axis of rotation is termed unbalance.   During rotation, unbalances lead to centrifugal forces, vibrations and noise, which can be more noticeable at higher speeds.   [AUSWUCHTEN] A dynamic unbalance is when the axis of rotation does not match with one of the principal axes of inertia.  A static unbalance is a special case of dynamic unbalance.   In this case, the axis of rotation lies parallel to the corresponding principal axis of inertia. Another special case is a couple unbalance. In this case the axis of rotation intersects the…

Alongside the required dynamics of a machine that are necessary for its functioning, undesired dynamics also exist.  If forces that change with time or forced movements are applied to a system in a machine made of elastic parts and parts having mass, this sets up vibrations in this system. With spindles, this can be an inadequately balanced tool. Although these movements are relatively small compared to the required movements, in certain circumstances they can be hazardous for the machine because they can stimulate the entire machine such that it vibrates.   Resonance effects, where the excitation frequency matches the natural frequency…